linux的磁盘分区（linux CentOS/redhat 6.5 LVM分区使用详解）

1, 介绍

LVM是逻辑盘卷管理（Logical Volume Manager）的简称，它是Linux环境下对磁盘分区进行管理的一种机制，LVM是建立在硬盘和分区之上的一个逻辑层，来提高磁盘分 LVM

区管理的灵活性。前面谈到，LVM是在磁盘分区和文件系统之间添加的一个逻辑层，来为文件系统屏蔽下层磁盘分区布局，提供一个抽象的盘卷，在盘卷上建立文件系统。物理卷（physical volume）物理卷就是指硬盘分区或从逻辑上与磁盘分区具有同样功能的设备（如RAID），是LVM的基本存储逻辑块，但和基本的物理存储介质（如分区、磁盘等）比较，却包含有与LVM相关的管理参数。

2，创建

[root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]# fdisk -l

[root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x874c7742.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content wont be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. Its strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command c) and change display units to

sectors (command u).

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partitions system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-11748, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-11748, default 11748): +80G

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 10444 83891398+ 5 Extended

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 mapper]#reboot or

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# partprobe

[root@cn-iss-install-01 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes

64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 16384 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0005b1c0

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 2 251 256000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 252 16384 16520192 8e Linux LVM

Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/sdb: 96.6 GB, 96636764160 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 11748 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x874c7742

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 10444 83891398+ 5 Extended

Disk /dev/mapper/VG00-LV_rootfs: 16.4 GB, 16374562816 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1990 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VG00-LV_swap: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@cn-iss-install-01 ~]#

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"

Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# vgcreate vg03 /dev/sdb1

Volume group "vg03" successfully created

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# lvcreate -L 83G -n vgdata vg03

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mke2fs /dev/vg03/vgdata

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

5439488 inodes, 21757952 blocks

1087897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

664 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

Writing inode tables: done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:

done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mkf

mkfifo mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4dev

mkfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg03/vgdata

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

5439488 inodes, 21757952 blocks

1087897 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

664 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 Packages]#

[root@cn-iss-install-01 spool]# mount /dev/vg03/vgdata /var/spool/repo/

[root@cn-iss-install-01 spool]# cd repo/

[root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]# ls

lost+found

[root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]# pwd

/var/spool/repo

[root@cn-iss-install-01 repo]#

3，常用检查命令：

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# pvdisplay

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgdisplay

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvdisplay

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# pvcreate

Please enter a physical volume path

Run `pvcreate --help for more information.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgcreate

Please provide volume group name and physical volumes

Run `vgcreate --help for more information.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvcreate

Please provide a volume group name

Run `lvcreate --help for more information.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# vgextend

Please enter volume group name and physical volume(s)

Run `vgextend --help for more information.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]# lvextend

Please specify either size or extents but not both.

Run `lvextend --help for more information.

[root@cn-iss-install-01 /]#