rust 中文文档 第二版（文盘Rust — 本地库引发的依赖冲突）

作者：京东科技 贾世闻

问题描述

clickhouse 的原生 rust 客户端目前比较好的有两个clickhouse-rs 和 clickhouse.rs     
    
    
。clickhouse-rs 是 tcp 连接；clickhouse.rs 是 http 连接 


     


     


     。两个库在单独使用时没有任何问题    
    
    
，但是 


     


     


     ，在同一工程同时引用时会报错

 




 




 



。

Cargo.toml

# clickhouse http clickhouse = {git = "https://github.com/loyd/clickhouse.rs", features = ["test-util"]} # clickhouse tcp clickhouse-rs = { git = "https://github.com/suharev7/clickhouse-rs", features = ["default"]}

报错如下

Blocking waiting for file lock on package cache Updating git repository `https://github.com/suharev7/clickhouse-rs` Updating crates.io index error: failed to select a version for `clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys`. ... required by package `clickhouse-rs v1.0.0-alpha.1 (https://github. com/suharev7/clickhouse-rs#ecf28f46)` ... which satisfies git dependency `clickhouse-rs` of package `conflict v0.1.0 (/Users/jiashiwen/rustproject/conflict)` versions that meet the requirements `^0.1.2` are: 0.1.2 the package `clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys` links to the native library `clickhouse-rs`, but it conflicts with a previous package which links to `clickhouse-rs` as well: package `clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys v0.1.2` ... which satisfies dependency `clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys = "^0.1.2"` (locked to 0.1.2) of package `clickhouse v0.11.2 (https://github.com/ loyd/clickhouse.rs#4ba31e65)` ... which satisfies git dependency `clickhouse` (locked to 0.11.2) of package `conflict v0.1.0 (/Users/jiashiwen/rustproject/conflict)` Only one package in the dependency graph may specify the same links value. This helps ensure that only one copy of a native library is linked in the final binary. Try to adjust your dependencies so that only one package uses the links =clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys value. For more information, see https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/resolver.html#links. failed to select a version for `clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys` which could resolve this conflict

错误描述还是很清楚的

 




 




 



，clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys 这个库冲突了   

   

   

。仔细看了一下两个库的源码   

   

   

，引用 clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys 库的方式是不一样的  

     

     

    。clickhouse.rs 是在其Cargo.toml 文件中使用最普遍的方式引用的

clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys = { version = "0.1.2", optional = true }

clickhouse-rs 是通过本地方式引用的

[dependencies.clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys] path = "clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys" version = "0.1.2"

clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys 的源码直接放在 clickhouse-rs 工程目录下面


  




  




  


。

一开始是有个直观的想法  

     

     

    ，如果在一个工程中通过workspace 进行隔离


  




  




  


，是不是会解决冲突问题呢？ 于是  


  


  


，工程的目录结构从这样

. ├── Cargo.lock ├── Cargo.toml └── src └── main.rs

改成了这样

. ├── Cargo.lock ├── Cargo.toml ├── ck_http │ ├── Cargo.toml │ └── src ├── ck_tcp │ ├── Cargo.toml │ └── src └── src └── main.rs

新建了两个lib

cargo new ck_http --lib cargo new ck_tcp --lib

在 workspace 中分别应用 clickhouse-rs 和 clickhouse.rs ,删除根下 Cargo.toml 文件中的依赖关系  


  


  


。 很可惜   
     
     
   ，workspace 没有解决问题



   




   




   

，报错没有一点儿差别   
     
     
   。

又仔细看了看报错 



 



 



，里面有这样一段

the package `clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys` links to the native library `clickhouse-rs`, but it conflicts with a previous package which links to `clickhouse-rs`

难道是 clickhouse-rs 这个名字冲突了？ 直接把clickhouse-rs源码拉下来作为本地库来试试呢？ 于是把 clickhouse-rs clone 到本地                ，稍稍修改一下ck_tcp workspace 的 Cargo.toml

clickhouse-rs = { path = "../../clickhouse-rs", features = ["default"]}

编译后冲突依旧存在



   




   




   

。 翻翻 clickhouse-rs/clickhouse-rs-cityhash-sys/Cargo.toml




    




    




    
，里面的一个配置很可疑

[package] ... ... links = "clickhouse-rs"

把 links 随便改个名字比如：links = "ck-rs-cityhash-sys"














，编译就通过了 



 



 



。

错误提示中这句话很重要

Only one package in the dependency graph may specify the same links value.

看了一下 links 字段的含义

The links field The links field specifies the name of a native library that is being linked to. More information can be found in the links section of the build script guide.

links 指定了本地包被链接的名字                ，在这里引起了冲突



     



     



     ，改掉本地包中的名字自然解决了冲突















，在依赖图中保证唯一性很重要                。

本文涉及代码github仓库    
    
    
，有兴趣的同学可以亲自试一试

下期见




    




    




    
。